Filament-like extension of the cytoplasmic membrane allowing the cell and certain substances on its surface to move about.
plasma membrane
The cell’s flexible outer casing; it separates the cell from the surrounding environment and works as a filter to control the entry and exit of certain substances.
peristome
Depression lined with cilia, which undulate to direct food particles toward the cytostome.
cytostome
Opening corresponding to the mouth and allowing ingestion of food and rejection of undesirable elements.
cytopharynx
Fold of the plasma membrane; food particles originating in the cytostome are directed toward it.
forming food vacuole
The paramecium continually produces food vacuoles out of cytoplasmic membrane. Each food vacuole traps food particles accumulated in the bottom of the cytopharynx.
cytoproct
Orifice corresponding to the anus; the food vacuole opens into it, allowing waste to be eliminated.
contractile vacuole
Spheroid cavity acting as a pump to evacuate excess water and waste from the cell.
cytoplasm
Clear gelatinous substance surrounding the various cellular structures.
macronucleus
Large nucleus controlling cellular activities.
micronucleus
Small nucleus ensuring cell reproduction.
food vacuole
Spheroid cavity in which food particles from the cytopharynx are digested.
